Investigation of Domestic and Foreign Unexpected Antibodies for Emergency Blood Transfusion
Keywords:
Antibody screening, Anti-E+c, Emergency blood transfusion, Transfusion reaction, Unexpected antibodyAbstract
Certain pre-transfusion tests are not commonly performed during emergency blood transfusion. In this study, we reviewed and analyzed the data from post-blood transfusion antibody screening tests to establish the effects of unexpected antibodies causing hemolytic transfusion reactions. We reviewed information published domestically and internationally and selected the data
from 68,602 antibody screening tests and 528 antibody identification tests conducted at Hospital P. We found cases of unexpected antibody positivity (1198, 1.74%), Rh type (161, 30.49%), Lewis type (Le; 67, 12.69%), and Diego type (Di; 28, 5.30%). Specifically, anti-E type positivity was observed in 93 cases (17.61%), and anti-C in 13 cases (2.46%). Only data from domestic cases that were published before 2007 were included for analysis, which established the presence of the following antibodies and the numbers of cases in each category: anti-E (196, 22.45%), anti-Lea (82, 9.39%), and anti-E+C (60, 6.87%). In 2018, anti-E (107, 17.12%), anti-E+C (56, 8.96%), and anti-Dia (28, 4.48%) were detected. In other domestic cases, anti-E, anti-Lea, and anti-E+C were detected in Hospital S, whereas anti-E, anti-D, anti- E+C, and anti-C+E were detected in Hospital D. In Saudi Arabia, anti-D, anti-E, and anti-Jka was detected. The anti-M, anti-N, anti-Lea, and anti-D were detected in India. Requests for emergency blood transfusion increased 1.8 times after the opening of the trauma center. This study has limitations as it is a cross-sectional study. Further studies are needed to provide basic information on alternative treatments that can increase the safety and reduce the side effects of hemolytic transfusion in emergency transfusion situations.
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